Compile Linux for Stratix 10

Overview

This page presents instructions on how to build the following Linux items:

• U-Boot
• Linux Kernel
• Linux Root Filesystem

Host Setup for Angstrom

The Intel FPGA Linux Angstrom distribution is officially built and tested using Ubuntu 14.04. It may also work with other distributions. For a list of distributions against which Angstrom distribution was tested see https://wiki.yoctoproject.org/wiki/Distribution_Support.

This section presents the packages that need to be installed on the host PC to allow the Angstrom distribution to be built. Since each machine may have been installed in a different way, the packages listed here are not an exhaustive list. Add packages as necessary if you encounter issues.

Ubuntu 14.04

These are the required packages that need to be installed:

$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get upgrade
$ sudo apt-get install phablet-tools sed wget cvs subversion git-core coreutils unzip texi2html  texinfo libsdl1.2-dev docbook-utils gawk python-pysqlite2 diffstat help2man  make gcc build-essential g++ desktop-file-utils chrpath libgl1-mesa-dev  libglu1-mesa-dev mercurial autoconf automake groff libtool xterm lib32z1

On Ubuntu 14.04 you will also need to make /bin/sh point to bash instead of dash. You can accomplish this by running:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure dash

and selecting "No".

!--(Alternatively, you can run:

sudo ln -sf bash /bin/sh

however this is not recommended, as it may get undone by Ubuntu software updates.)-→

Build Angstrom Rootfs using Yocto

The U-Boot, Kernel and Rootfs can be built using the Angstrom recipes that are provided as a Git tree.

This section presents how to clone the Yocto Project git tree and also how to build using it.

Note that only the Yocto Project build system and the recipes are cloned, all the dependencies are downloaded from Internet during the build process.

The commands for cloning the Yocto Project git trees and building Yocto Project are:

$ cd ~
$ mkdir angstrom-build
$ cd angstrom-build
$ wget https://releases.rocketboards.org/2019.10/src/altera.xml # Users can edit this to use kraj/meta-altera
$ wget http://commondatastorage.googleapis.com/git-repo-downloads/repo
$ chmod 777 repo
$ export PATH=$PATH:~/angstrom-build
$ ./repo init -u git://github.com/Angstrom-distribution/angstrom-manifest -b angstrom-v2019.06-warrior
$ mkdir -p .repo/local_manifests
$ mv altera.xml .repo/local_manifests/
$ ./repo sync
$ MACHINE=stratix10 . ./setup-environment
$ sed -i '/meta-altera/a \ \ ${TOPDIR}\/layers\/meta-altera-refdes \\' conf/bblayers.conf # This is to add the meta-altera-refdes layer to conf/bblayers.conf
$ sed -i '/meta-atmel/d' conf/bblayers.conf # There are conflicting packages
$ sed -i '/meta-optee/d' conf/bblayers.conf # This has conflicting packages
$ sed -i '/meta-freescale/d' conf/bblayers.conf # This has conflicting packages
$ sed -i '/meta-mono/d' conf/bblayers.conf # package recipe cannot be built
$ echo "DISTRO_FEATURES_remove = \" wayland \"" >> conf/local.conf # broke builds prior to this not needed for GSRD
$ echo "DISTRO_FEATURES_remove = \" alsa \"" >> conf/local.conf # breaking builds prior to this not needed for GSRD
$ export KERNEL_PROVIDER=linux-altera-ltsi
$ export KERNEL_TAG=ACDS19.3_REL_GSRD_PR
$ export KBRANCH=socfpga-4.14.130-ltsi
$ export BB_ENV_EXTRAWHITE="$BB_ENV_EXTRAWHITE KBRANCH KERNEL_TAG UBOOT_TAG KERNEL_PROVIDER"
$ bitbake gsrd-console-image

Note: If your computer connects to the Internet using a proxy, you may need to use this command to tell the Git utility about the proxy:

$ git config --global http.proxy <proxy_name>

Note: You may compile the standard Angstrom filesystem instead of the GSRD, by replacing bitbake gsrd-console-image with bitbake console-image in the above commands.

The first time you build the Yocto Source Package it may take up to several hours depending on your host machine.

Once finished, all images should be generated in ~/angstrom-build/deploy/glibc/images/<family_name>/. Some of the most important files created are:

File	Description
Image	Compressed kernel image
gsrd-console-image-*.cpio	GSRD Root Filesystem in cpio archive format
gsrd-console-image-*.ext3	GSRD Root Filesystem as ext3 image
gsrd-console-image-*.tar.gz	GSRD Root Filesystem in tar gzip archive format
gsrd-console-image-*.tar.xz	GSRD Root Filesystem in tar format

The above files are actually links to the actual build resulted files. Some build files have a timestamp attached to its name and each time it it rebuilt, Yocto updates the link to point to the latest file.

Build Kernel and U-Boot from Git Trees

This section presents instructions for cloning the git trees and building U-boot and Linux kernel.

Component	Git address	branch
Linux	linux-socfpga.git	socfpga-4.14.130-ltsi
U-Boot	u-boot-socfpga.git	socfpga_v2019.04

Build Toolchain

In case the U-boot or Linux kernel git trees are directly used, the build toolchain has to be manually downloaded. This section contains the instructions on how to download and setup the toolchain for this case.

Note that the build toolchain is provided with the Poky Yocto recipes. So when the Yocto Project git tree is used, the recipes will download the build chain automatically.

The steps necessary to download and setup the build toolchain are:

Tarball method

$ cd ~
$ wget https://releases.linaro.org/components/toolchain/binaries/7.2-2017.11/aarch64-linux-gnu/gcc-linaro-7.2.1-2017.11-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu.tar.xz
$ xz -d gcc-linaro-7.2.1-2017.11-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu.tar.xz
$ tar xf gcc-linaro-7.2.1-2017.11-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu.tar
$ export CROSS_COMPILE=~/gcc-linaro-7.2.1-2017.11-x86_64_aarch64-linux-gnu/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu-
$ export ARCH=arm64

Apt-get method

$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:linaro-maintainers/tools
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install gcc-7-aarch64-linux-gnu
$ export CROSS_COMPILE=aarch64-linux-gnu-
$ export ARCH=arm64
$ sudo ln -s /usr/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc-7 /usr/bin/aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc

Build U-Boot

This section presents instructions on how to clone the U-boot git tree and compile U-boot. It assumes that you have manually downloaded the build toolchain.

$ cd ~
$ git clone http://github.com/altera-opensource/u-boot-socfpga
$ cd u-boot-socfpga
$ git checkout ACDS19.3_REL_GSRD_PR
$ make mrproper
$ make socfpga_stratix10_defconfig
$ make

File	Description
u-boot	U-boot ELF file
u-boot.bin	U-boot binary file
u-boot.img	U-boot image file

Note: Details of the bootloader from 19.3 onwards can be found in HERE

Craft Device Tree Manually to use FPGA IP

Create a file called socfpga_stratix10_ghrd.dtsi with the bindings below

/{
        soc {

               led_pio: gpio@1080 {
                                compatible = "altr,pio-1.0";
                                reg = <0xf9001080 0x8>;
                                altr,gpio-bank-width = <4>;
                                #gpio-cells = <2>;
                                gpio-controller;
                                resetvalue = <0>;
                };

                button_pio: gpio@1060 {
                                compatible = "altr,pio-1.0";
                                reg = <0xf9001060 0x10>;
                                interrupt-parent = <&intc>;
                                interrupts = <0 18 4>;
                                altr,gpio-bank-width = <4>;
                                altr,interrupt-type = <2>;
                                altr,interrupt_type = <2>;
                                #gpio-cells = <2>;
                                gpio-controller;
                };

                dipsw_pio: gpio@1070 {
                                compatible = "altr,pio-1.0";
                                reg = <0xf9001070 0x10>;
                                interrupt-parent = <&intc>;
                                interrupts = <0 17 4>;
                                altr,gpio-bank-width = <4>;
                                altr,interrupt-type = <3>;
                                altr,interrupt_type = <3>;
                                #gpio-cells = <2>;
                                gpio-controller;
                };

                trigger_pio: gpio@1040 {
                                compatible = "altr,pio-1.0";
                                reg = <0xf9001040 0x20>;
                                altr,gpio-bank-width = <4>;
                                #gpio-cells = <2>;
                                gpio-controller;
                                resetvalue = <0>;
                };

                soc_leds: leds {
                        compatible = "gpio-leds";

                        led_fpga0: fpga0 {
                                        label = "fpga_led0";
                                        gpios = <&led_pio 0 0>;
                        }; //end fpga0 (led_fpga0)

                        led_fpga1: fpga1 {
                                        label = "fpga_led1";
                                        gpios = <&led_pio 1 0>;
                        }; //end fpga1 (led_fpga1)

                        led_fpga2: fpga2 {
                                        label = "fpga_led2";
                                        gpios = <&led_pio 2 0>;
                        }; //end fpga2 (led_fpga2)

                        led_fpga3: fpga3 {
                                        label = "fpga_led3";
                                        gpios = <&led_pio 3 0>;
                        }; //end fpga3 (led_fpga3)
                };
        };
};

Add this piece of dtsi fragment as #include "socfpga_stratix10_ghrd.dtsi" in the file socfpga_stratix10_socdk.dts. Compile it in the kernel along with socfpga_stratix10.dtsi during kernel compilation

Sample dtsi for GHRD	socfpga_stratix10_ghrd.dtsi	dtsi changes in GHRD
Sample main dts	socfpga_stratix10_socdk.dts	Main dts
Sample dtsi for Linux enablement	socfpga_stratix10.dtsi	dtsi changes for Linux enablement

We need to compile all 3 files with the 4.14.130-ltsi kernel for it to create the correct dtb

Build Linux Kernel

This section presents instructions on how to clone the Linux kernel git tree and compile the Linux kernel. It assumes that you have manually downloaded the build toolchain.

$ cd ~
$ git clone https://github.com/altera-opensource/linux-socfpga
$ cd linux-socfpga
$ git checkout ACDS19.3_REL_GSRD_PR

defconfig file in ACDS19.3_REL_GSRD_PR has been edited to match with s10_devkit_defconfig file in ACDS18.1_REL_GSRD_PR or earlier version. If you checkout ACDS19.3_REL_GSRD_PR, replace s10_devkit_defconfig with defconfig for the make command.

Once you checkout the code, make sure that you edit the linux-socfpga/arch/arm64/configs/defconfig or linux-socfpga/arch/arm64/configs/s10_devkit_defconfig file to include the following:

• CONFIG_LEDS_TRIGGER_TIMER=y
• CONFIG_GPIO_ALTERA=y
• CONFIG_ALTERA_SYSID=y
• CONFIG_ALTERA_ILC=y

$ make defconfig
$ make

You can find all the supported dts from {linux-socfpga}/arch/arm64/boot/dts/altera

socfpga_stratix10_socdk.dtb

Some of the files that are created:

File	Description
vmlinux	Linux Kernel ELF file
arch/arm64/boot/Image	Linux Kernel image
arch/arm64/boot/dts/altera/socfpga_stratix10_socdk.dtb	Device Tree blob for Linux

sed -i '/meta-mono/d' conf/bblayers.conf rm -rf layers/meta-altera-refdes/recipes-altera/*