Booting Linux with SD Card Image

Overview

This page will guide you to boot the Linux with the Stratix 10 SoC device using FPGA Configuration First mode. Two different FPGA configuration and HPS booting scheme will be demonstrated here.

1. External Configuration Host with HPS Flash using JTAG Configuration Scheme (Programming the pre-built *.sof file using JTAG configuration)

The configuration bitstream (with HPS First-Stage Bootloader boot code) will firstly be programmed into the device using JTAG. Once the JTAG configuration is complete, the Secure Device Manager (SDM) will release the HPS from reset. The HPS will then load the Second-Stage Bootloader, Linux Kernel, device tree and finally OS File System from the SD card attached to the HPS interface.

2. Dual SDM and HPS Flash using Active Serial (AS) Configuration Scheme (Programming the Active Serial/QSPI flash using JTAG Indirect Configuration *.jic file)

Instead of using the JTAG to provide the configuration bitstream, this option uses the SDM flash (Active Serial/QSPI flash) as the boot source instead. The configuration bitstream (with HPS First-Stage Booloader boot code) will firstly be programmed into the Active Serial/QSPI flash. Once the AS configuration is complete, the Secure Device Manager (SDM) will release the HPS from reset. The HPS will then load the Second-Stage Bootloader, Linux Kernel, device tree and finally OS File System from the SD card attached to the HPS interface.

For more information regarding the Stratix 10 SoC boot flow, refer to the Stratix 10 SoC Boot User Guide document.

Prerequisites

You will need the following items:

• Stratix 10 SoC Development Kit ES Edition including:
  • DDR4 Memory Card
  • Out-of-Box Experience (OOBE) HPS Daughter Card
  • Micro USB cable for on-board Intel FPGA Download Cable II
  • Mini USB cable for serial output
• Micro SD Card (4GB or greater)
• Host PC with:
  • Serial terminal (for example minicom on Linux and TeraTerm or PuTTY on Windows)
  • Micro SD card slot or Micro SD card writer (or SD-capable writer + SD to micro SD converter)
  • Quartus Prime Pro Programmer for JTAG and QSPI flash programming
• Local Ethernet network, with DHCP server (will be used to provide IP address to the board)
  

Creating SD Card

This section explains how to create the SD card necessary to boot Linux, using the SD card image available with the precompiled Linux binaries package. Once the SD card has been created, insert the card into the SD slot of the OOBE daughter card.

Creating SD Card on Linux

The required steps are:

1. Build the Linux Kernel and Angstrom Root File system:

• Refer to Build Kernel and Filesystem to build the File System and Kernel according to the releases and once completed. Copy the gsrd-console-image-*.tar.xz and Image to your working directory
• Refer to Create SD Card Image to complete the rest of the steps to build the SD Card Image

This will create the file sdimage.img which contains the SD card image file.

2. Determine the device associated with the SD card on the host by running the following command before and after inserting the card in the reader:

$ cat /proc/partitions 

Let's assume it is /dev/sdx.

3. Use dd utility to write the SD image to the SD card:

$ sudo dd if=sdimage.img of=/dev/sdx bs=1M

Note we are using sudo to be able to write to the card.

4. Use sync utility to flush the changes to the SD card:

$ sudo sync

Creating SD Card on Windows

This section explains how to write the SD image to the SD card on a Windows PC.

1. Build the Linux Kernel and Angstrom Root File system:

• Refer to Build Kernel and Filesystem to build the File System and Kernel according to the releases and once completed. Copy the gsrd-console-image-*.tar.xz and Image to your working directory
• Refer to Create SD Card Image to complete the rest of the steps to build the SD Card Image

2. Use Win32DiskImager to write the image to the SD card. The tool can be downloaded from here: http://sourceforge.net/projects/win32diskimager/files/latest/download

Configuring Board

This section presents the necessary board settings in order to run the Golden System Reference Design (GSRD) User Manuals on the Intel FPGA Stratix 10 SoC development board.

s10socboard

First, confirm the following:

• DDR4 memory card is installed on HPS Memory socket
• OOBE Daughter card is installed on HPS Daughter card socket

Then the board switches need to be configured as follows:

• SW1: OFF-OFF-ON-ON-ON-ON-ON-ON
• SW2: All ON
  
• SW3: All OFF
• SW4: ON-OFF-ON-OFF

Configuring Serial Connection

The OOBE Daughter Card has a built-in FTDI USB to Serial converter chip that allows the host computer to see the board as a virtual serial port. Ubuntu and other modern Linux distributions have built-in drivers for the FTDI USB to Serial converter chip, so no driver installation is necessary on those platforms. On Windows, the SoC EDS Pro installer automatically installs the required drivers if necessary.

The serial communication parameters are:

• Baud-rate: 115,200
• Parity: none
• Flow control: none
• Stop bits: 1

On Windows, utilities such as TeraTerm and PuTTY can be used to connect to the board. They are easily configured from the tool menus.

On Linux, the minicom utility can be used. Here is how to configure it:

1. The virtual serial port is usually named /dev/ttyUSB0. In order to determine the device name associated with the virtual serial port on your host PC, please perform the following:

• Use the following command to determine which USB serial devices are already installed: ls /dev/ttyUSB*
• Connect mini USB cable from J7 to the PC. This will enable the PC to communicate with the board, even if the board is not powered yet.
• Use the ls /dev/ttyUSB* command command again to determine which new USB serial device appeared.

2. Install minicom application on host PC, if not installed.

• On Ubuntu, use sudo apt-get install minicom

3. Configure minicom.

$ sudo minicom -s

Under Serial Port Setup choose the following:

• Serial Device: /dev/ttyUSB0 (edit to match the system as necessary)
• Bps/Par/Bits: 115200 8N1
• Hardware Flow Control: No
• Software Flow Control: No
• Hit [ESC] to return to the main configuration menu

Select Save Setup as dfl to save the default setup. Then select Exit.

Programming *.sof file Using JTAG Configuration

This section explains how to configure the Stratix 10 SoC device using JTAG configuration scheme. If you prefer to use the AS configuration scheme, skip this section and refer to Programming the Active Serial/QSPI Flash Using *.jic file section.

1. Refer to Release Contents section for the releases you need and download the pre-built SRAM Object File (sof). This file contains the FPGA configuration image, as well as the FSBL code integrate into the configuration bitstream.

2. Connect micro USB Cable between host PC and USB port J57. Then, power up the board.

3. Open Quartus Prime Programmer and select Stratix 10L SoC Dev Kit for the Hardware Setup. Ensure that the Mode is set to JTAG.

4. Click Auto Detect to detect the Stratix 10 SoC device in the JTAG scan chain. Select 1SX280LU2S2 for device 1 and 10M50DA for device 2.

5. Select the 1SX280LU2S2 device and click on Change File.

6. Navigate to the location of the pre-built sof file and click OK.

7. Click the Program/Configure checkbox.

8. Proceed to the Booting Linux section to complete the rest of the setup before starting the JTAG programming.

9. Click Start to begin configuring the device. The programming is complete when the progress bar reaches 100%. Return to Booting Linux section and follow Step 4.

Programming the Active Serial/QSPI Flash Using *.jic file

This section explains how to configure the Stratix 10 SoC device using AS configuration scheme. If you prefer to use the JTAG configuration scheme, skip this section and refer to Programming *.sof file Using JTAG Configuration section.

!!! Note for MT25Q Flash !!!

Enable MT25Q flash in the quartus.ini in the working directory of the quartus project

 PGM_ALLOW_MT25Q=ON 

From the working directory proceed with steps below

1. Refer to Release Contents section for the releases you need and download the pre-generated JTAG Indirect Configuration (jic) file. This file contains the FPGA configuration image, as well as the FSBL code integrate into the configuration bitstream.

2. Connect micro USB Cable between host PC and USB port J57. Then, power up the board.

3. Open Quartus Prime Programmer and select Stratix 10L SoC Dev Kit for the Hardware Setup. Ensure that the Mode is set to JTAG.

4. Click Auto Detect to detect the Stratix 10 SoC device in the JTAG scan chain. Select 1SX280LU2S2 for device 1 and 10M50DA for device 2.

5. Select the 1SX280LU2S2 device and click on Change File.

6. Navigate to the location of the pre-generated jic file and click OK.

7. Click the Program/Configure checkbox. Optionally, click the Verify checkbox to verify the content after programming.

Note: After power-on reset, the default Intel FPGA Download Cable II frequency is 24 MHz. If you encounter JTAG configuration failure on your board, it is recommended that you reduce the frequency to 16 MHz or 6 MHz.

To change the frequency, execute the following command in SoC EDS Command Shell:

 jtagconfig --setparam <cable> JtagClock 16M 

8. Click Start to program the flash. The programming is complete when the progress bar reaches 100%.

9. Once the programming is complete, power down the board. Change the MSEL[2:0] to 001 (Active Serial Fast mode) by setting the SW2.1 to ON, SW2.2 and SW2.3 to OFF so that the Stratix 10 SoC device can boot from QSPI flash.

Booting Linux

This section presents how to boot Linux on the board. The required steps are:

1. Connect the mini USB cable between host PC and OOBE Daughter card USB port J7.

2. Start serial terminal (when using minicom it will connect using the selected settings, for others connect manually).

3. For JTAG configuration scheme, return to the Programming *.sof file Using JTAG Configuration section and follow Step 9. If you are using the Active Serial/QSPI flash, make sure that you have followed all the steps in Programming the Active Serial/QSPI Flash Using *.jic file section and power up the board.

4. Once the configuration is complete, DDR is calibrated and you will see the following message displayed on the serial console.

5. Linux boots. Login using ‘root’ as username and no password.